Citric acid

Citric acid C6H8O7 is a weak organic acid found naturally in citrus fruits, giving them their sour taste, and is widely used as a food additive for flavoring, preserving, and pH control.

Key Characteristics & Uses:
Natural Source: Abundant in lemons, limes, oranges, and other citrus fruits.
Flavor & Preservation: Adds tartness to candies, drinks, and foods; preserves color and freshness in fruits and vegetables for canning or freezing.
Cleaning: Effectively removes hard water stains, mineral deposits (limescale) from kettles, dishwashers, and surfaces, and acts as a deodorizer.
Biochemistry: A vital part of the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) in all aerobic organisms.
pH Adjuster: Used in cosmetics, shampoos, and various industrial applications to control acidity.
Crafts: Popular for making bath bombs, soaps, and other DIY products.

Forms:
Anhydrous: Powdered form, common for food and cleaning.
Monohydrate: Contains one molecule of water per molecule of citric acid